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What is Cataract?
Normally, the lens of the eye is clear and allows light rays to pass through
easily. When a cataract develops, the lens becomes cloudy and opaque. The light
rays no longer pass through the lens easily, so the patient cannot see clearly.
Cataract is not a new growth or a film over the eye. In most cases, it is just
part of the aging process.
It is not contagious.
Types of Cataract
There are many types of cataracts. Changes in the chemical composition of the
lens cause most cataracts. The following are the various types of cataracts.
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Senile Cataract
This is the most common types cataract, comprising
80 percent of the total cataracts. It occures in patients above the age of 50.
Congenital Cataract
Cataracts in children are rare. They can be caused by infection of the mother
during pregenancy, or they may be hereditary.
Traumatic Cataract
Eye injuries may cause cotaracts in patients of any age.
Seconday Cataract
Diseases like glaucoma, iriti, eye tumours, and diabetes may cause cataracts.
Drug-induced Cataract
Prolo Prolonged treatment with steroid drugs, either for local (e.g),
allergic conjuctivitis or systemic diseases (e.g., asthma) may lead to cataract
formation.
Symptoms
Blurring or dimness of vision.
Feeling of a filim over the eye.
Sensitivity to light and glare.
Treatment
Cataract cannot be cured by medicines or spectacles. Removal of the clouded lens through surgery is the only treatment. A cataract operation is a minor operation
done with local anaesthesia. During the 15 minute surgery, the cataract lens is
removed and replaced by either:
Cataract eye glasses or Intraocular lens implant (IOL)
Intraocular Lens (IOL)
An IOL is a tiny transparent convex lens, made of polymethyl methacrylate, (a harm-less plastic substance) inserted in the eye during surgery. Unlike contact
lenses, an IOL stays permanently in the eye and does not cause irritation.
Advantages of IOL
Since the lens is placed inside the eye, most often the patient need not wear glasses for distance vision, but some-times patient has to wear glasses for
clarity.
Images are clear and of the same di-mension without distortion.
Full vision returns very early.
Normal field of viosion.
Types of Cataract Removal
Routine Method
A 10 mm incision is amde in the eye. The cataract lens is removed, and the opening is closed with sutures.
Phaco or Sutureless Surgery Method
A 3mm incision is made in the eye. The cataract lens is broken into small pieces by a machine with ultrasonic waves and removed with a needle. A specially prepared
IOL is inserted into the eye and the wound heals without sutures.
Advantages of Phaco
1.Early surgery can be done, so the patient need not wait for the contract to mature.
2.Small incision
3.No sutures (so no suture-related problems like irritation & watering)
4.No need for suture removal
5. Early return to work
6.No need to continue eye drops for a long time
7.No need for hospital stay. Even if the patient stays in the hospital, it is only for a short time.
8.Only one postoperative visit necessary
9.Stable refraction after one month If you or anybody in your family or neighbourhood has eye Problems.
Do Not Delay
See an eye specialist immediately.
Remember
Only an ophthalmologist can provide total eye care: Medical, Surgical and Optical.
It’s your sight!
Your eyes deserve the best care available!
It is the ophthalmic surgeon who makes the final decision on whether the patient
can undergo phaco or not.
Types of IOL
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TYPES |
CATEGORY |
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I |
INDIAN NON-FOLDABLE |
GENERAL -A |
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GENERAL - B |
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II |
INDIAN NON-FOLDABLE |
PHACO -A |
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PAHCO -B |
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III |
INDIAN FOLDABLE |
INDIAN FOLDABLE -A |
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INDIAN FOLDABLE -B |
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IV |
AMERICAN FOLDABLE |
ALCON -A |
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ALCON - B |
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TYPES |
CATEGORY |
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V |
MCCS |
ALCON –IQ-A (DISPOSABLE- PRO PACK) |
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ALCON ASPERIC - B |
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VI |
MULTIFOCAL |
ALCON -A |
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ZEISS - B |
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SPECIAL LENSES |
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VII |
TORIC IOL |
ALCON (IOL cyl & sph power correction) |
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CRISTAL LENSE |
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